用Vagrant搭建跨平台ubuntu开发环境

#添加box镜像到 Vagrant
vagrant box add xxxx.box
#列出所有已添加的镜像
vagrant box list
#初始化Vagrantfile
vagrant init
#删除当前路径下的虚拟机
vagrant destroy
#ssh登录虚拟机
vagrant ssh
#开机
vagrant up
#关机
vagrant halt
#重启
vagrant reload
#打包到packages.box文件
vagrant package 

mkdir workspace
cd workspace
#生成Vagrantfile,开始下载 ubuntu 14.04 "镜像"
vagrant init ubuntu/trusty64

# -*- mode: ruby -*-
# vi: set ft=ruby :

# All Vagrant configuration is done below. The "2" in Vagrant.configure
# configures the configuration version (we support older styles for
# backwards compatibility). Please don't change it unless you know what
# you're doing.
Vagrant.configure(2) do |config|
  # The most common configuration options are documented and commented below.
  # For a complete reference, please see the online documentation at
  # https://docs.vagrantup.com.

  # Every Vagrant development environment requires a box. You can search for
  # boxes at https://atlas.hashicorp.com/search.
  config.vm.box = "ubuntu/trusty64"
  config.vm.hostname = "ubuntu" #命令行开头用户名

  # Disable automatic box update checking. If you disable this, then
  # boxes will only be checked for updates when the user runs
  # `vagrant box outdated`. This is not recommended.
  # config.vm.box_check_update = false

  # Create a forwarded port mapping which allows access to a specific port
  # within the machine from a port on the host machine. In the example below,
  # accessing "localhost:8080" will access port 80 on the guest machine.
  # config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 80, host: 8080

  # Create a private network, which allows host-only access to the machine
  # using a specific IP.
   config.vm.network "private_network", ip: "192.168.33.10"

  # Create a public network, which generally matched to bridged network.
  # Bridged networks make the machine appear as another physical device on
  # your network.
  # config.vm.network "public_network"

  # Share an additional folder to the guest VM. The first argument is
  # the path on the host to the actual folder. The second argument is
  # the path on the guest to mount the folder. And the optional third
  # argument is a set of non-required options.
  # config.vm.synced_folder "../data", "/vagrant_data"

  # Provider-specific configuration so you can fine-tune various
  # backing providers for Vagrant. These expose provider-specific options.
  # Example for VirtualBox:
  #
   config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |vb|
  #   # Display the VirtualBox GUI when booting the machine
  #   vb.gui = true
  #
  #   # Customize the amount of memory on the VM:
     vb.memory = "1024"
     vb.name = "ubuntu" #虚拟机名（虚拟机文件夹名）
     vb.cpus = 2
   end
  #
  # View the documentation for the provider you are using for more
  # information on available options.

  # Define a Vagrant Push strategy for pushing to Atlas. Other push strategies
  # such as FTP and Heroku are also available. See the documentation at
  # https://docs.vagrantup.com/v2/push/atlas.html for more information.
  # config.push.define "atlas" do |push|
  #   push.app = "YOUR_ATLAS_USERNAME/YOUR_APPLICATION_NAME"
  # end

  # Enable provisioning with a shell script. Additional provisioners such as
  # Puppet, Chef, Ansible, Salt, and Docker are also available. Please see the
  # documentation for more information about their specific syntax and use.
  # config.vm.provision "shell", inline: <<-SHELL
  #   sudo apt-get update
  #   sudo apt-get install -y apache2
  # SHELL
end

$ vagrant up
Bringing machine 'default' up with 'virtualbox' provider...
==> default: Clearing any previously set forwarded ports...
==> default: Clearing any previously set network interfaces...
==> default: Preparing network interfaces based on configuration...
    default: Adapter 1: nat
    default: Adapter 2: hostonly
==> default: Forwarding ports...
    default: 22 (guest) => 2222 (host) (adapter 1)
==> default: Running 'pre-boot' VM customizations...
==> default: Booting VM...
==> default: Waiting for machine to boot. This may take a few minutes...
    default: SSH address: 127.0.0.1:2222
    default: SSH username: vagrant
    default: SSH auth method: private key
==> default: Machine booted and ready!
==> default: Checking for guest additions in VM...
    default: The guest additions on this VM do not match the installed version of
    default: VirtualBox! In most cases this is fine, but in rare cases it can
    default: prevent things such as shared folders from working properly. If you see
    default: shared folder errors, please make sure the guest additions within the
    default: virtual machine match the version of VirtualBox you have installed on
    default: your host and reload your VM.
    default:
    default: Guest Additions Version: 4.3.34
    default: VirtualBox Version: 5.0
==> default: Setting hostname...
==> default: Configuring and enabling network interfaces...
==> default: Mounting shared folders...
    default: /vagrant => D:/workspace
==> default: Machine already provisioned. Run `vagrant provision` or use the `--provision`
==> default: flag to force provisioning. Provisioners marked to run always will still run.

#在Vagrantfile目录下
vagrant plugin install vagrant-vbguest

vagrant up
sudo apt-get clean
sudo apt-get autoclean
#删除旧内核的不用的包
sudo apt-get autoremove

sudo apt-get install mysql-server mysql-client nginx php5-fpm memcached
#添加php扩展
sudo apt-get install php5-curl php5-gd php5-mysql php5-memcache php5-tidy
#安装git
sudo apt-get install git
#安装nginx
sudo apt-get install nginx
#安装composer
sudo curl -sS https://getcomposer.org/installer | sudo php -d detect_unicode=Off
sudo chmod a+x composer.phar
sudo mv composer.phar /usr/local/bin/composer
#升级包
sudo composer self-update
#创建Laravel项目
sudo composer create-project laravel/laravel laravelTest --prefer-dist

vagrant package -h
Usage: vagrant package [options] [name]
Options:
        --base NAME     virtualbox程序里面的虚拟机的名称，不是box的名字也不是Vagrantfile里面的虚拟机名称.默认是打包当前目录下面的虚拟机。
        --output NAME   要打包成的box名称，不会自动添加.box后缀，要手动加.默认值package.box
        --include FILE...   打包时包含的文件名，你可以把.box文件理解为一个压缩包
        --vagrantfile FILE  打包时包含的Vagrantfile文件，原理和上面类似
    -h, --help              Print this help